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IL-24 has antiviral properties and can induce the type I interferon response during influenza infections. Its signaling activates the JAK1-STAT3 and MAPK pathways, promoting the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-8 and MMP-1. Intracellularly, IL-24 helps maintain endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by managing stress signals and acts as a quality control mechanism for the ubiquitin-proteasome system, alerting cells to proteasome dysfunction through PKR/EIF2AK2 activation.