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EBI3, also known as interleukin-27 subunit beta (IL-27B), is a protein encoded by the EBI3 gene, identified for its expression in B lymphocytes following Epstein-Barr virus infection. It is a secreted glycoprotein that forms a heterodimer with IL-27, playing a key role in innate immunity.
IL-27 exhibits both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, regulating T-helper cell development, suppressing T-cell proliferation, and stimulating cytotoxic T-cell activity. It promotes the differentiation of naive CD4 T-cells into TH1, TH2, and TH17 cells and drives their rapid expansion. IL-27 also synergizes with IL-12 to enhance interferon-gamma production and has notable antitumor and antiangiogenic activities by activating the production of antiangiogenic chemokines.