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A cytokine that promotes the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and megakaryocyte progenitors, enhancing platelet production. It also stimulates hepatocyte proliferation in response to liver damage. IL-11 binds to a receptor complex formed by IL6ST and either IL11RA1 or IL11RA2, activating intracellular protein kinases and phosphorylating STAT3. This signaling promotes cell proliferation, particularly in cancer contexts. IL-11 can engage in 'classic signaling' with membrane-bound receptors or 'trans-signaling' when bound to soluble IL11RA.